Freemasonry in Franco era

Prior to the Franco Rebellion, Spain possessed two Grand Lodges, approximately 175 lodges, and a membership of roughly 10,000 Masons 1.

During the conflict and under the regime, Freemasonry faced violent suppression. Thousands of Masons were executed through hanging, shooting, stabbing, burning, or fatal beatings, while violence was also directed against their families 1. The severity of the atrocities committed against Spanish Freemasons was cited as among the most extreme suffered by the Craft in any nation during that era, leaving a historical legacy of profound martyrdom within the memory of the institution 1.