How did Freemasonry develop in India?
Freemasonry was introduced into India primarily through the efforts of George Pomfret, who was authorized to open a new lodge in Bengal. This marked the beginning of Freemasonry's rapid progress in the English settlements in India, leading to the establishment of over fifty lodges, with eleven located in Bengal alone. The annual contributions to charity and public funds from the East India Company’s factories were significant, reflecting the flourishing nature of the society.
By the late 18th century, notable figures such as Omdit-ul-Omrah Bahauder, the eldest son of the nabob of the Carnatic, were initiated into Freemasonry, which further enhanced its reputation. The Grand Lodge in England recognized this development by sending congratulatory letters and gifts to prominent Indian Masons, indicating a strong connection between the Masonic community in India and its counterparts in England.
However, the development of Freemasonry in India was not without its challenges. There was a reluctance among colonial Freemasons to allow non-Christians to join Masonic lodges, which only changed following explicit instructions from London. This exclusivity led to a focus on Christian orders within Freemasonry in India, as it was believed that only Christians could fully appreciate the Masonic experience. Despite these challenges, Freemasonry continued to grow and adapt within the Indian context, reflecting a blend of local and colonial influences.