How did the Levites differ from the priests?
The Levites and priests, while both serving important roles in the religious practices of ancient Israel, had distinct functions and characteristics. The priests, specifically the sons of Aaron, were considered 'holy' and were responsible for performing the most sacred rituals, including sacrifices and offerings. They operated in a manner that was quiet and secretive, as their duties involved direct interaction with the divine and the handling of holy items. In contrast, the Levites were seen as 'pure' rather than holy, and their role was more public and involved singing and music during worship. They assisted the priests but could only approach the holy items under the priest's guidance, as their activities were more open and vocal, reflecting their connection to judgment and public worship.
As Rabbi Shimon explains, 'the priest is holy and the Levite is pure,' indicating that the priest's role is elevated above that of the Levites, who serve in a supportive capacity.