What is the meaning of the two parallel lines in Masonic symbolism?
The two parallel lines in Masonic symbolism represent paired opposites, active and passive qualities. Specifically, they are said to represent Moses (the Prophet) and Solomon (the Lawgiver). In earlier Masonic workings, before the symbolic structure was de-Christianized, these lines were associated with the Saints John—the Baptist and the Evangelist—whose feast days correspond to midsummer and midwinter, respectively, symbolizing a similar duality.
These two parallel lines often border the symbol known as the Point-within-a-Circle, which together with the Ladder (Jacob's Ladder) on the First Degree Board, form a pattern reminiscent of the three columns in Masonic symbolism. The two parallel lines relate to active and constraining functions, while the Ladder represents the means by which one hopes to ascend to the Divine.
Furthermore, the two parallel lines are sometimes interpreted as representing the two Saints John, and the circle they border represents the boundary line of a Mason's duty, beyond which he should not allow his passions or prejudices to betray him. The point within the circle represents the individual Mason. The symbolism teaches that by keeping oneself within these bounds, it is impossible to materially err.
Albert Pike, a noted Masonic scholar, suggested that the parallel lines probably have a deeper meaning akin to the twin columns Jachin and Boaz, representing the balance of Justice and Mercy of God in equilibrium, resulting in Harmony under a single perfect Wisdom. The Holy Scriptures resting upon the top of the symbol is a later addition.
In summary, the two parallel lines symbolize duality and balance—active and passive, prophetic and legislative, or the two Saints John—and serve as moral and spiritual boundaries within which the Mason must keep himself.
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