What role did geometry play in the teachings of Freemasonry?
Geometry holds a significant place in the teachings of Freemasonry, where it is often described as the "first and noblest of the sciences". This foundational role is emphasized in the Fellowcraft degree, where candidates are taught that geometry and masonry were originally synonymous terms. Geometry is viewed not only as a practical discipline but also as a moral and divine science that reveals the wisdom and goodness of the Grand Architect of the Universe.
As noted by James C. Stewart, the Halliwell Manuscript, one of the oldest records of Freemasonry, begins with the line, "Here begin the constitutions of the art of geometry according to Euclid". This highlights the historical importance of geometry within the craft, suggesting that operative masons were the de facto guardians of geometric knowledge during the Middle Ages, passing it down through generations via initiation.
Furthermore, geometry is linked to the exploration of nature and the universe, with teachings encouraging Masons to trace nature through its various windings to uncover its concealed truths. The study of geometry is said to prove the wonderful properties of nature, thus intertwining the discipline with moral truths and the understanding of the universe itself.