Who were some notable figures in the development of speculative Freemasonry in Scotland?
Several notable figures played crucial roles in the development of speculative Freemasonry in Scotland. One of the most significant is Andrew Michael Ramsay (1686-1743), a Scottish philosopher and writer. Ramsay is credited with articulating a philosophical and chivalric interpretation of Freemasonry, particularly through his influential Oration delivered in Paris in 1737, which is considered a foundational text in the evolution of speculative Masonry, linking it to ancient orders and chivalric traditions.
Another important figure is Sir Robert Moray (1600-1673), who, while not a founder of speculative Masonry, was an early member of Masonic lodges in Scotland. His documented attendance at a lodge in Newcastle in 1641 indicates his early interest in Masonic practices, which helped bridge the gap between operative and speculative Masonry. Moray's involvement in the Royal Society further exemplifies the intellectual connections between Freemasonry and the Enlightenment.
These individuals, through their writings and influence, significantly shaped the philosophical underpinnings and broader appeal of Freemasonry as it transitioned into a speculative fraternity.